Yarn knowledge: classification and characteristics of yarn for garments

Yarn is composed of one or more continuous filaments or discontinuous short fibers. Yarn is actually a general term for yarn and thread. The raw material of yarn is fiber. Yarn is both the raw material and the product of garment fabric, such as: sewing thread, knitting thread, embroidery thread, etc.

The structure and properties of yarn directly affect the nature of the fabric and the performance of the garment, such as the surface luster, smoothness, roughness or pile, the weight of the fabric, the texture of the fabric (rich, soft, brace, elastic, etc.), the wear resistance of the garment, pilling, etc.

Due to the different fibers and processing methods, there are many different types of yarns and different forms. There are also more ways to classify them.　　

(A) According to the raw material of yarn　　

Pure spinning yarn Pure spinning yarn consists of one kind of fiber raw material, such as: pure cotton yarn, pure wool, pure silk, pure linen, pure chemical fiber yarn.

Blended yarn Blended yarn is spun by two or more kinds of fiber mixed into the yarn. Such as polyester-cotton, polyester-linen, wool-viscose yarn.

(B) According to the fiber state in the yarn　　

Short fiber yarn: Short fiber yarn made by twisting together short fibers. It usually consists of 15~100 short fibers twisted to form a single yarn, and 2 or more single yarns combined and twisted into a line.　　Short yarns generally have a looser structure and a fuller feel. Most sewing threads, knitting yarns and wool yarns are short fibers.

Filament Yarns Filament yarns are processed directly from filaments spun from polymer solutions. According to the structure, they are divided into monofilaments, compound filaments and compound twisted filaments. Monofilament consists of a filament, used to weave socks, pantyhose, headscarf, swimwear, etc.; compound filament consists of several monofilaments, there are many silk fabrics woven from compound filaments, such as plain soft satin, etc., used for suit lining, underwear, etc.; compound twist filaments made from compound filaments by twisting, according to the use of different twist, weaving crepe fabrics.　　Filament yarn has good strength, uniformity, can be made into very fine yarn, poor moisture absorption, easy to static electricity, smooth and flat hand feel, cool.

Reeled (Sao) out silk: raw silk reeled out from cocoons.

Split film yarn: polypropylene film sheet, split into desired width by cutting or scratching and other techniques, then stretched to make split film yarn, used for carpet, pile fabric backing, woven packaging bags.